Several authors feel that legislation will never be able to control electronic commerce sufficiently to satisfy the demands of both governments and co
E-commerce is all about selling goods and different services via the Internet. The seller and customer are not face to face at any point, with business conducted remotely, regardless of location and distance. This can pose a number of challenges to the formation and enforcement of contracts. A number of legislative initiatives affect business conducted online - they can be complex and change regularly. As far as e-commerce transactions are concerned, the legislation is primarily intended to ensure that online contracts are legally binding. The ways in which electronic marketing can be undertaken to promote the services of e-commerce providers are also regulated. This guide introduces you to the various regulations and provides practical advice on how to ensure that you comply with your legal requirements. However, it is not a substitute for professional legal advice.
With respect to the creation of e-commerce, different regulation was also established to cater individuals that were engage in the e-commerce. Through legislation, governments and consumers were interconnected and became partners when the safety and reliability on consumers is the issue. Come to think of a certain issue that don’t have legislation, you will surely got to the point that security and reliability will be less many. We all know that different transactions made online needs security that enables as the protection to hackers, crackers, thieves and other criminal acts online. Even though without the presence of money, there are also crimes arises that we cannot afford to handle with. Since even when you are just surfing the internet, many of internet users tend to hack on your accounts and profiles. And this as a simple transaction made also needed those legislations that would help and would ease your reliability.
There are many kinds of e-commerce law that were built to secure and protect its consumers. I have read a certain topic that the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law created a model law on electronic commerce that served as a guide for many countries who passed their perspective laws. And we are included on the 14 countries that already passed their perspective laws as of June 2002. Countries included were Australia, Bermuda, Columbia, Ecuator, France, Hongkong, India, Ireland and Jersey. And a certain guide was being made to help understand more the basic components.
The Republic Act 8792 or the e-commerce law was ratified last June 14, 2000. Because of this law, the Philippine Internet Community had come to rise on the marketplace. The electronic transaction guidelines of this law are:
1. It gives legal recognition of electronic data messages, electronic documents and electronic signatures.
2. Allows the formation of contracts in electronic forms.
3. Makes banking transactions done through ATM switching, network absolute once consummated.
4. Parties are given the right to choose the type and level of security methods that suit their needs.
5. Provides the mandate for the electronic implementation of transport documents to facilitate carriage of goods. This includes documents such as, but not limited to multi-modal, airport road, rail, inland, waterway, courier, post receipts, transport documents issued by freight forwarders, marine/ocean bill of lading, non-negotiable seaway bill and charter party bill lading.
Functional Equivalence
It was stated that an e-commerce law does not necessarily cover pure electronic transactions. It tackles issues as well about traditional paper documents that were converted or replicated in electronic form like through photocopying or fax transmission.
The context of functional equivalence is that these documents shall not be denied admissibility in legal courts just because they are in electronic form.
Media and technology neutrality
To accommodate various forms of future technologies it should not be made biased or favorable towards any technologies. It should not violate other technologies in terms of usability. In order to be accepted, those were the terms that should be followed. Being neutral on other forms of technology is its main goal.
Autonomy
Parties have the freedom to choose the security level that suits their needs. Parties in the contract have the right to agree on how they will electronically transact and be flexible in handling non-mandatory provisions of the law. In absence of an agreement, what is stated in the law shall be followed. There were necessary documents needed for a transaction to be more reliable. These are acknowledgement receipt, time and place of dispatch and receipt of information, attribution, and transport documents.
Legal Signature
An electronic document is considered an electronic signature if a method is used to identify the signatory and indicate approval of the information contained in the electronic message.
The method was reliable and appropriate for the purpose for which the electronic document was generated or communicated. Widely used of scanning a written signature to an image is also used as an electronic signature and attaching it to documents and papers when creating a transaction online is necessarily being made in order to have a legal signature.
Writing
Electronic documents need to be created and stored in stable format and readable. It should be accessible so to be usable for subsequent reference. The reliability to its source should be ease to enable any access for the source itself.
Original
Similar to writing, there should be a method of assurance as to its integrity is reliable. It will look into how the information is systematically generated, gaps and error handling if any and alteration protection. There are so many protection laws right now that is very much of use like patenting and copyrighting that protects on alteration of data and personal writing.
Record Retention
The law provides guidelines as well on how electronic documents and paper based documents be stored electronically.
We all know that there were legislations that imposed taxes to products. An example of this is the VAT or value added taxes. With this we all know that both the government and consumers sufficiently satisfy its demand. In order to comply on e-commerce based on general information requirements these are the necessary requirements that should be needed.
1. Your business’s name, geographic address and other contact details including your email address
2. Details of any publicly available register in which you are entered, together with your registration number or equivalent
3. The particulars of the supervisor body if the service is subject to an authorization scheme
4. Details of any professional body with which you are registered
5. Your VAT registration number
If your website refers to prices, these must be clear and indicate whether they include tax and delivery cost. Necessary information about the company should be stated in your website. A common place to put this information is in the “ABOUT INFO” or “LEGAL INFO” page of the site. It does not have to appear on every page. This rule also applies to any electronic communications sent by your company, such as emails.
With respect to the creation of e-commerce, different regulation was also established to cater individuals that were engage in the e-commerce. Through legislation, governments and consumers were interconnected and became partners when the safety and reliability on consumers is the issue. Come to think of a certain issue that don’t have legislation, you will surely got to the point that security and reliability will be less many. We all know that different transactions made online needs security that enables as the protection to hackers, crackers, thieves and other criminal acts online. Even though without the presence of money, there are also crimes arises that we cannot afford to handle with. Since even when you are just surfing the internet, many of internet users tend to hack on your accounts and profiles. And this as a simple transaction made also needed those legislations that would help and would ease your reliability.
There are many kinds of e-commerce law that were built to secure and protect its consumers. I have read a certain topic that the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law created a model law on electronic commerce that served as a guide for many countries who passed their perspective laws. And we are included on the 14 countries that already passed their perspective laws as of June 2002. Countries included were Australia, Bermuda, Columbia, Ecuator, France, Hongkong, India, Ireland and Jersey. And a certain guide was being made to help understand more the basic components.
The Republic Act 8792 or the e-commerce law was ratified last June 14, 2000. Because of this law, the Philippine Internet Community had come to rise on the marketplace. The electronic transaction guidelines of this law are:
1. It gives legal recognition of electronic data messages, electronic documents and electronic signatures.
2. Allows the formation of contracts in electronic forms.
3. Makes banking transactions done through ATM switching, network absolute once consummated.
4. Parties are given the right to choose the type and level of security methods that suit their needs.
5. Provides the mandate for the electronic implementation of transport documents to facilitate carriage of goods. This includes documents such as, but not limited to multi-modal, airport road, rail, inland, waterway, courier, post receipts, transport documents issued by freight forwarders, marine/ocean bill of lading, non-negotiable seaway bill and charter party bill lading.
Functional Equivalence
It was stated that an e-commerce law does not necessarily cover pure electronic transactions. It tackles issues as well about traditional paper documents that were converted or replicated in electronic form like through photocopying or fax transmission.
The context of functional equivalence is that these documents shall not be denied admissibility in legal courts just because they are in electronic form.
Media and technology neutrality
To accommodate various forms of future technologies it should not be made biased or favorable towards any technologies. It should not violate other technologies in terms of usability. In order to be accepted, those were the terms that should be followed. Being neutral on other forms of technology is its main goal.
Autonomy
Parties have the freedom to choose the security level that suits their needs. Parties in the contract have the right to agree on how they will electronically transact and be flexible in handling non-mandatory provisions of the law. In absence of an agreement, what is stated in the law shall be followed. There were necessary documents needed for a transaction to be more reliable. These are acknowledgement receipt, time and place of dispatch and receipt of information, attribution, and transport documents.
Legal Signature
An electronic document is considered an electronic signature if a method is used to identify the signatory and indicate approval of the information contained in the electronic message.
The method was reliable and appropriate for the purpose for which the electronic document was generated or communicated. Widely used of scanning a written signature to an image is also used as an electronic signature and attaching it to documents and papers when creating a transaction online is necessarily being made in order to have a legal signature.
Writing
Electronic documents need to be created and stored in stable format and readable. It should be accessible so to be usable for subsequent reference. The reliability to its source should be ease to enable any access for the source itself.
Original
Similar to writing, there should be a method of assurance as to its integrity is reliable. It will look into how the information is systematically generated, gaps and error handling if any and alteration protection. There are so many protection laws right now that is very much of use like patenting and copyrighting that protects on alteration of data and personal writing.
Record Retention
The law provides guidelines as well on how electronic documents and paper based documents be stored electronically.
We all know that there were legislations that imposed taxes to products. An example of this is the VAT or value added taxes. With this we all know that both the government and consumers sufficiently satisfy its demand. In order to comply on e-commerce based on general information requirements these are the necessary requirements that should be needed.
1. Your business’s name, geographic address and other contact details including your email address
2. Details of any publicly available register in which you are entered, together with your registration number or equivalent
3. The particulars of the supervisor body if the service is subject to an authorization scheme
4. Details of any professional body with which you are registered
5. Your VAT registration number
If your website refers to prices, these must be clear and indicate whether they include tax and delivery cost. Necessary information about the company should be stated in your website. A common place to put this information is in the “ABOUT INFO” or “LEGAL INFO” page of the site. It does not have to appear on every page. This rule also applies to any electronic communications sent by your company, such as emails.
Do you like this article? Share It!
glaiglay says:
duh...hehe
Anonymous says:
hello... hapi blogging... have a nice day! just visiting here....
faizal says:
hey,friend.my name is faizal
i found your blog from blog catalog.
nice blog there.
please visit my blog http://adkha.blogspot.com/
Anonymous says:
парень кончает в малолетку онлайн http://free-3x.com/ порно фото школьницы 18 лет free-3x.com/ порно картинки молоденьких [url=http://free-3x.com/]free-3x.com[/url]
Anonymous says:
buy online viagra viagra or cealis try viagra for free cost of viagra recreational viagra use viagra benefits viagra from india viagra price comparison soma and viagra prescriptions free viagra mexico viagra buy generic viagra buy viagra in london england get viagra viagra effects on women
Anonymous says:
Your blog keeps getting better and better! Your older articles are not as good as newer ones you have a lot more creativity and originality now keep it up!
Heather says:
Found you on blog catalog, join our bloggers in asia group so we can help each other. My blog follows me and my family as we live in China.
http://middleofchina.blogspot.com
and
http://petersonchina.blogspot.com
and
http://funnyfacebookstuff.blogspot.com
Anonymous says:
I just found the website who reviews about
Several
home business reviews
If you want to know more here it is
home business opportunity
Anonymous says:
Virtual Memory sure is becoming cheaper and cheaper and cheaper. I'm curious as to when we will finally hit the rate of $0.01 to 1 Gigabyte.
I'm quietly waiting for the day when I will finally be able to afford a 20 terabyte drive . But for now I guess I will be satisfied with having a 32 gig Micro SD Card in my R4i.
(Submitted on FPost for R4i Nintendo DS.)
Anonymous says:
Well done is sick than well said.
Anonymous says:
Lovingly done is well-advised b wealthier than well said.
Anonymous says:
Well done is richer reconsider than spectacularly said.
Anonymous says:
Well done is sick than extravagantly said.
Anonymous says:
Well done is sick than well said.
Anonymous says:
Artistically done is well-advised b wealthier than comfortably said.
Anonymous says:
Artistically done is better than comfortably said.
Anonymous says:
A man who dares to decay bromide hour of age has not discovered the value of life.
[url=http://www.morepeacecorps.org/index.php?/forums/member/3606/]Ana[/url]
Jake
Anonymous says:
A the huan race who dares to atrophy bromide hour of age has not discovered the value of life.
[url=http://the-conduit.webs.com/apps/profile/profilePage?id=54280822]Jenna[/url]
Ana
Anonymous says:
We should be painstaking and particular in all the advice we give. We should be signally careful in giving opinion that we would not about of following ourselves. Most of all, we ought to avoid giving advise which we don't tag along when it damages those who depreciate us at our word.
impact driver
[url=http://impact-driver-15.webs.com/apps/blog/]impact driver[/url]
Anonymous says:
We should be chary and perceptive in all the information we give. We should be signally painstaking in giving advice that we would not about of following ourselves. Most of all, we ought to avoid giving counsel which we don't follow when it damages those who transport us at our word.
rasp
[url=http://rasp-69.webs.com/apps/blog/]rasp[/url]
Anonymous says:
A gink begins cutting his discernment teeth the senior without surcease he bites eccentric more than he can chew.
Anonymous says:
To be a adroit lenient being is to from a kind of openness to the world, an skill to guardianship undeterminable things beyond your own restrain, that can lead you to be shattered in uncommonly outermost circumstances on which you were not to blame. That says something remarkably outstanding with the fettle of the ethical autobiography: that it is based on a corporation in the uncertain and on a willingness to be exposed; it's based on being more like a shop than like a jewel, something fairly feeble, but whose acutely item attraction is inseparable from that fragility.
Anonymous says:
To be a noble benign being is to from a make of openness to the world, an cleverness to trusteeship unsure things beyond your own restrain, that can govern you to be shattered in uncommonly exceptional circumstances pro which you were not to blame. That says something remarkably weighty relating to the fettle of the ethical life: that it is based on a trust in the up in the air and on a willingness to be exposed; it's based on being more like a plant than like a sparkler, something somewhat fragile, but whose mere particular attraction is inseparable from that fragility.
Anonymous says:
Vex ferments the humors, casts them into their meet channels, throws substandard redundancies, and helps nature in those confidential distributions, without which the solidity cannot subsist in its vigor, nor the typification dissimulate with cheerfulness.
Anonymous says:
Distress ferments the humors, casts them into their right channels, throws off redundancies, and helps feather in those secret distributions, without which the association cannot subsist in its vigor, nor the man role of with cheerfulness.
Unknown says:
Great Post! Thank You for putting it up!! Well done is sick than well said. www.ufcsale.com
Anonymous says:
The most strange and amusing images and pictures online.
Counterfoil dated
[url=http://www.funnyimgz.blogspot.com]funny[/url]
Launch Business in Delhi says:
Amazing blog and very interesting stuff you got here! I definitely learned a lot from reading through some of your earlier posts as well and decided to drop a comment on this one!